Teks Asal:
Menulis Artikel untuk Terbitan dalam Jurnal.
Okey jom kita tulis
artikel. Biasanya pelajar Master atau pelajar PhD biasanya diwajibkan untuk
menulis artikel untuk terbitan. Jadi kita boleh, saya boleh ajar serba ringkas
bagaimana kita nak tulis artikel yang baik yang boleh kita terbitkan. Jadi pada
pelajar yang belum pernah terbit dia akan rasa banggalah. Biasanya artikel dan
jurnal atau bab dalam buku biasanya hampir sama. Jadi kita ada disini kita ada
tajuk, tajuk mestilah yang menarik ya. Sehingga orang nak baca artikel kita.
Kita sertakan abstrak. Abstrak kita terpulang kepada jurnal tersebut. Yang
mempunyai berapa patah perkataan. Kadang-kadang 250 hingga 300 kemudian ada
pengenalan ada sorotan kajian. Sorotan kajian ini terpulang kepada penulis
masing-masing. Kadang-kadang dia tak letak sorotan kajian. Dia letak tajuk
macam contoh animasi cerita rakyat. Letak itu dalam tu merupakan sorotan.
Kemudian ada metadologi keputusan dan perbincangan kesimpulan dan rujukan.
Bukan bibliografi dah dia rujukan. Jadi dalam yang ini, kita fokus pada tajuk.
Tajuk kenalah menarik. Biasanya tajuk tu kalau jurnal ke artikel ke biasanya
tak boleh lebih daripada 20 patah perkataan. Jadi abstrak ini kita kata kalau
tulis dalam bahasa Melayu kita tulis abstrak disertakan dengan abstark bahasa
Inggeris. Supaya ia lebih jelas. Dalam abstrak ini kita akan letak macam
contohnya, ayat lebih kurang 5 ayat. 4 atau 5 ayat macam ayat mukadimah.
Mukadimah ni contohnya kita letak seperti latar belakang, dan juga masalah yang
dihadapilah, masalah kajian sehingga timbulnya kita nak buat ini.
Ayat ini diikuti dengan ayat
objektif. Kemudian ada metadologi. Metadologi ini kita kena letakla kalau ada
sampel-sampel dan seterusnyalah, lokasi. Tapi kalau tidak ada tak payah letak.
Kemudian semualah. Sehingga ke teori. Prosedur kena ada. Cara analisis kena ada.
Kemudian daripada hurai kesini kita letakkan kita punya keputusan. Keputusan
kajian kita letak dalam abstrak. Kita letak keputusan dan ayat akhir kita akan
letak apa yang awak harapkan dalam kajian akan datang. Diharapkan kajian akan
datang akan memberi fokus kepada apa dia apa dia apa dia. Ayat akhir mesti ada.
Kemudian disertai dengan kata kunci. Kata kunci biasanya ada 5. Teruskan dengan
pengenalan. Biasanya, pengenalan ini awak boleh letak dalam lebih kurang kita
nak kenal ni kita letak latar belakang, cerita tentang ciri-ciri apa benda yang
berkaitan dengan tajuk kita tu tadi. Jadi pengenalan ni kadang-kadang awak
letak dalam dalam satu perenggan. Ini agak penting ya kerana ada jurnal yang
peraturan dia sangat-sangat ketat. Pengenalan ni adalah orang letak dalam
bentuk sorotan pulak dalam tu. Jadi itu yang kena reject. Jadi terpulang kepada
jurnal yang adalah. Baca balik apa arahan yang diberi. Satu perenggan ni letak
macam latar belakang tersebut. Kemudian masuk yang sorotan jadi ini satu
perenggan. Sorotan tu macam tadi saya kata awak boleh letak kertas sorotan
kajian ataupun awak boleh letak tajuk dia. Macam contohnya, animasi cerita
rakyat. Boleh antara dua. Jadi sorotkan.
Okey, lima tahun ke
belakang. Yang ini awak letak dalam 4 perenggan. Yang mempunyai sorotan kajian
5 tahun kebelakang sahaja. Dan juga perlu kritis. Macam saya ajar dalam bab 2
kalau tak kritiskan dia berdiri dengan diri sendiri je. Tak boleh macam tu.
Maknanya letak yang kritis. Maknanya bila huraian dalam satu perenggan ada satu
nama. Kemudan sokonglah dengan kajian-kajian yang lain. Selari ke hampir sama
ke apa sokong ke. Letak di situ, juga letak yang negatif juga yang seperti
kajian ini orang kata kajian oleh Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 didapati orang kata tidak
bersetuju dengan kajian yang dijalankan oleh sipulan. Kenapa? Letak kenapa yang
tak setuju tu. Itu namanya kritis mencari persamaan dan perbezaan. Ini dah 4
perenggan, kemudian kita masuk sebelum habis sorotan kajian tu ayat objektif,
ayat objektif bukan satu sub topik. Biasanya ayat sahaja. Dalam satu ayat iaitu
justeru kajian ini. Justeru daripada sorotan, masalah kajian dalam sini ada
jurang penyelidikan. Jadi justeru kajian ini mengenal pasti dan membincangkan
apa dia apa dia apa dia. Satu ayat je. Iaitu selepas sorotan kajian. Makna ini
dah perenggan lain. Ini perenggan baru. Jadi ini perenggan lainlah. Jadi
perenggan tu ada satu ja ayat. Kemudian terus masuk tajuk metadologi. Metadologi
ni awak kena lengkapkan semua yang ada dalam metadologi. Awak kena huraikan
sebiji yang ada dalam tesis. Ada sampel ada lokasi ada prosedur, ada analisis
ada bahan. Kalau misalnya ada bahan awak kena letak pulak sinopsis bahan. Yalah
sinopsis novel contohnya, sinopsis cerpen contohnya. Apa sahaja.
Semua kena ada. Awak
boleh rujuk, rujuk balik dalam bab metadologi penulisan tesis kemudian baru
masuk tajuk keputusan dan perbincangan. Jadi keputusan dan perbincangan ini
teori pun ada. Dalam metadologi keputusan perbincangan ini dia punya sub tajuk
kenalah kalau misalnya ikut teori sub tajuk mesti mengikut teorilah. Contohnya,
kandungan dalam interaksi perbualan. Jadi maknnaya, tajuk ini merupakan daripada
teori, lepastu ada lagi dengan konteks dalam interkasi pebualan, andaian
interkasi perbualan, huraian dia dalam ini sama dengan huraian bab 4. Jadi yang
ini terpulang kepada teori awak. Kita ada banyak teori. Teori analisis wacana
teori yang saya ingat sekarang. Ada banyak lagi teori, teori kejuruteraan lain,
sains lain, ekonomi lain, reka bentuk lain, jadi berbeza, lepas habis keputusan
perbincangan kita ada rumusan, kalau tengok kat sini sebelum kesimpunlan tu ada
nak rumuskan keputusan dan perbincangan. Kita ada rumusan, rumuskan dalam 1
perenggan, serupa juga dalam bab 4 tesis kita, kita rumuskan kita kena sokong.
Sokong kajian yang atas tadi. Dekat sorotan. Kita ada yang ada dalam tesis
maknanya yang ada dalam tesis. Dalam artikel. Atas tadi yang kita, yang ada
dalam ini. Okay dalam ni. Jadi sokong. Sokong itu kemudian sokong diri, sama
cara penulisan dia. Cara penulisan nak buat rumusan dalam bab 4.
Kemudian akhirnya
kesimpulan. Dalam kesimpulan ini, dalam ini saya akan jelaskan apa yang
sepatutnya ada dalam kesimpulan. Dalam kesimpulan ini menjelaskan memberi
manafaat, menjelaskan manfaat yang diperoleh daripada keputusan kajian.
Maknanya awak jelaskan manfaat kepada siapa. Keputusan yang kita dapat ini, nak
manfaat kepada siapa. Awak jelaskan tiap-tiap satu. Dalam satu perenggan.
Kemudian ayat akhir. Kasimpulan itu tadi ini samalah yang dengan awak manfaat
tadi. Memberi manfaat kepada siapa dalam kesimpulan. Dalam ini tidak perlu
rujukan. Jangan ada rujukan pula dalam kesimpulan sebab kita dah ada rujukan sokong
sokong, kesimpulan ini nak beri manfaat sahaja jadi tak perlu letak rujukan.
Kemudian ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan, kita letaklah diharapkan kajian akan
dating, ingat tak yang ayat saya cakap tadi. Ayat tu ada dalam abstrak. Janganlah
copy paste, ubah sikit ayat tu. Ada dalam abstrak. Iaitu “Diharapkan kajian
akan datang memberi fokus kepada lirik lagu cerita rakyat”, contohnya. Jadi ada
kaitan. Ini macam cadangan kita, cadangan akan datang kita. Inilah kita masuk
dalam ayat akhir. Jadi dalam ini, terpulang sebenar kepada jurnal atau bab
dalam buku. Jumlah perkataan biasanya 5500. Ada yang orang kata, jurnal yang sangat
ketat peraturan dia kata okay satu artikel dia boleh terima 3000. Jadi jangan
lebih, kalau lebih biasanya dia suruh bayar. Terpulang kepada jurnal. Ada
jurnal dia kata okey perlu 10000. Ikut jalah patah perkataan dia. Ada jurnal
dia punya sub topik berbeza. Kita ikut.
Terpulang kepada jurnal. Ini yang biasa.
Ada jurnal yang kata ini.
Jadi tulisan artikel untuk artikel untuk jurnal dan artikel untuk bab dalam
buku pun sama sebenarnya. Penulisan ini biasanya memang kita kena ada. Kalau
penulisan untuk pelajar sastera pun sama. Memang kena ada pengenalan, kena ada
ayat objektif, keputusan perbincangan pun sama, cara menganalisis, tengok awak
pakai jadual, taknak pakai jadual, awak nak sokong macam saya katakan awak nak
sokong dekat rumusan ke. Awak nak sokong dekat data ke. Masa huraian pun boleh.
Tak ada masalah. Biasa ini adalah penulisan artikel jurnal untuk semua bidang.
Mungkin yang lain adalah terpulang kepada arahan. Yang diberi oleh jurnal
tersebut. Jadi yang penting juga, satu kena ada penanda wacana. Tiap-tiap halaman
tesis kena ada, artikel pun ada. Nanti bila dah habis awak buat tesis, awak
hafal penanda wacana. Semua beratus ratus penada wacana. Dalam buku ni sikit ja,
mungkin ada lagi banyak yang awak kena hafal. Penanda wacana mesti penting.
Kemudian awak perlu semak banyak kali. Semak dari segi ejaan, tatabahasa, semualah.
Semua kena semak. Lepas tu semak juga rujukan. Ada dalam rujukan ada dalam
artikel ada dalam artikel ada dalam rujukan. Dan juga, ini mesti ada. Ingat ya
baca arahan berkali-kali. Dan juga penting macam saya kata tadi, kalau tajuk
artikel tak menarik orang pun tak nak baca. Kata kunci itu penting kerana disini
kalau kita type kat Google semua artikel akan keluar. Kena pastikan semua
kepentingan semua ada dalam artikel awak.
Kalau lihat di sini, oh
lupa saya, serupa juga dalam ini kena 70% rujukan terkini. Jumlah semua
artikel, semua rujukan, ini jumlah 5 tahun kebelakang darab 100 sama dengan
mesti 70%. Dan juga kebanyakan artikel, pastikan tahun yang awak hantar artikel
itu contohnya 2020, artikel yang 2020 ni mesti ada sekurang-kurangnya 3. Tahun
terkini itu mesti ada 3. Janganlah misalnya awak hantar artikel tu 2020, 2020
punya rujukan satu pun tak ada. Tidak boleh mesti kena ada. Jadi jumlah 70%.
dalam 70% ni ada minima 3 artikel yang tahun itu. Tahun itu. Tahun yang hantarlah,
tahun terkini. Kalau 2020, 2020. Saya rasa kalau buat artikel ini tak susah. Kajian
dari tesis itu awak boleh ambil ayat dia ubah ayat dia jadikan artikel. Kita ni
sebagai penyelidik kita kutip data. Kita kena kutip data lebih tak boleh
cuckup-cukup. Kadang-kadang pelajar tanya saya, “Prof saya punya data sudah
ambil, saya temubual pelajar, kebetulan kawan pelajar tersebut ada di situ, dia
nak sangat temu buat, jadi saya pun temu bual, jadi data saya lebih.” Baguslah
saya kata, sebab nanti mugkin data ini tidak cukup jadi kita boleh guna data
yang itu. Jadi kita bersedia dengan data yang lebih, kalau kurang, kena kutip
semula pula. Kena tunggu luar pagar lagi sekali. Tapi salah etika ya tunggu
luar pagar. Perlu mohon kebenaran untuk mengutip data kementerian kalau nak
pergi sekolah. Semua perlukan kebenaran, awak nak ambil data daripada anak buah
kat rumah juga pun perlu kebenaran. Mahu kakak abang tak tegur 5 tahun kalau
ambil video anak dia masukkan dalam tesis. Tak dapat duit raya. Jadi perlukan
kebenaran bertulis. Kalau kebenaran yang video ada juga boleh. Kalau kena saman
sekurang-kurangnya awak ada. “Ini dia sebenarnya kebenaran saya dapati.”
“Atapun dia tanya mana kebenaran, awak disaman RM250000 sebab tanpa kebenaran
awak temu bual pekerja saya dari syarikat apa-apa.” “Saya ada kebenaran
daripada ini kebetulan pengurus besar dia kata boleh videokan dipakai untuk
kebenaran.” Artikel ini semua ada kebenaran. Letakkan nama sampel contohnya,
jangan letak nama sebenar. Nanti semua budak yang nama dia contohnya Muhammad
Yusof ada lebih kurang 450 datang tuntut saman kenapa guna nama saya dalam ini.
Okey.
Teks terjemahan:
Write Articles for Publications in Journals.
Okay let's write an article. Usually Master students or PhD students are usually required to write articles for publication. So we can, I can teach you briefly how we want to write a good article that we can publish. So for students who have never been published he will feel proud. Usually articles and journals or chapters in books are usually almost the same. So we are here we have a title, the title must be interesting yes. So that people want to read our article. We include an abstract. Our abstract is up to the journal. Which has how many words. Sometimes 250 to 300 then there is an introduction there is a study highlight. The highlights of this study are up to the respective authors. Sometimes he does not place the focus of the study. He put a title like an animated example of folklore. The location inside is a highlight. Then there is the methodology of the results and the discussion of conclusions and references. Not a bibliography, he is a reference. So in this one, we focus on the title. The title should be interesting. Usually the title if the journal to the article to usually can not be more than 20 words. So we said that this abstract written in languages other than English we write an abstract is included with abstark English. So that it is clearer. In this abstract we will place an example, a sentence of about 5 sentences. 4 or 5 verses like the opening verse. For example, we put this preface as the background, as well as the problems we face, the problems of the study until the emergence we want to do this.
This sentence is followed by an
objective sentence. Then there is the methodology. We have to put this
methodology if there are samples and then, location. But if there is no need to
place. Then everything. Until the theory. Procedures must be in place. The
method of analysis must exist. Then from the description here we put we have a
decision. The results of our study are in the abstract. We put the results and
our final sentence will put what you expect in the next study. Hopefully future
studies will focus on what he is what he is what he is. The last sentence must
be there. Then accompanied by keywords. Keywords usually have 5. Continue with
the introduction. Usually, this introduction you can put in more or less we
want to know here we put the background, the story of the characteristics of
what things related to our title just now. So this introduction sometimes you
put in in one paragraph. This is quite important because there are journals
whose rules are very strict. This introduction is people put in the form of
pulak highlights in there. So that's what to reject. So it depends on the
journal that is. Read back what instructions were given. This paragraph is like
the background. Then enter the highlight so this is a paragraph. The highlight
is like before I said you can put the study highlight paper or you can put the
title of it. For example, local animation story. Can be between two. So focus
on.
Okay, five years back. This one you
put in 4 paragraphs. Which has focused the study 5 years ago only. And it also
needs to be critical. Like I taught in chapter 2 if you do not criticize him
standing with himself. It can't be like that. The meaning is critical. Meaning
when the description in a paragraph there is a name. Then support with other
studies. Parallel to almost the same to what support to. Put it there, also put
a negative also that like this study people say study by Normaliza Abd Rahim
2019 found people say do not agree with the study conducted by whistles. Why?
Put why those do not agree. That is the critical name for finding similarities
and differences. This is already 4 paragraphs, then we go in before the study focuses
the objective sentence, the objective sentence is not a sub-topic. Usually
sentences only. In one sentence that is why this study. Hence from the
highlights, the research problem here has a research gap. So hence this study
identifies and discusses what he is what he is what he is. One verse only. That
is after the highlights of the study. This means another paragraph. This is a
new paragraph. So this is another paragraph. So that paragraph has one
sentence. Then continue to enter the title of the methodology. This methodology
you have to complete everything in the methodology. You have to describe the
one in the thesis. There are samples there are locations there are procedures,
there is analysis there are materials. If, for example, there is material, you
have to put a synopsis of the material. That is the synopsis of the novel for
example, the synopsis of the short story for example. Whatever it is.
Everything has to be there. You can
refer, refer back in the thesis methodology chapter chapter then just enter the
title of the decision and discussion. So the results and discussions are
theoretical. In the methodology of the results of this discussion he has a
sub-title should if for example follow the theory of sub-title must follow the
theory. For example, content in a conversation interaction. So maknnaya, this
title is from the theory, then there is more with the context in the
conversation conversation, the assumption of the conversation interaction, the
description of him in this is the same as the description of chapter 4. So this
is up to your theory. We have many theories. Theoretical discourse analysis theory
I remember now. There are many more theories, other engineering theories, other
sciences, other economics, other designs, so different, after the end of the
discussion we have a conclusion, if you look here before the conclusion there
is a conclusion and discussion. We have a formula, formulate in 1 paragraph,
similar in chapter 4 of our thesis, we formulate we have to support. Support
the above study. Near the spotlight. We have what is in the thesis meaning that
is in the thesis. In the article. Above is who we are, who are in this. Okay in
this. So support. Support that then support yourself, the same way he writes.
How to write to make a conclusion in chapter 4.
Finally is the conclusion. In this
conclusion, I will explain what should be in a conclusion. In this conclusion
explains the benefits, explains the benefits derived from the results of the
study. That means you explain the benefits to whom. The result we get this,
want to benefit who. You explain each one. In one paragraph. Then also for the
last sentence. The conclusion just now is the same as the benefit you had
earlier. Benefit to whom in conclusion. In this there is no need for reference.
Do not have a reference in the conclusion because we already have a supporting
reference, this conclusion is only to benefit so there is no need to place a
reference. Then the final sentence in the conclusion, we put it hopefully the
study will come, remember the sentence I said earlier. That verse is in the
abstract. Do not copy paste, change the sentence a little. It is in the
abstract. That is "It is hoped that future studies will focus on the
lyrics of classical local songs", for example. So there is a connection.
This is like our suggestion, our next suggestion. This is what we enter in the
last sentence. So in this, it really depends on the journal or chapter in the
book. The number of words is usually 5500. Some people say, a very strict
journal of rules he says okay one article he can accept 3000. So do not over, if
more he usually asks to pay. It depends on the journal. There is a journal been
said okay if need 10000. Just follow the words. There are journals have different
sub topics. We’ll just follow. Depends on the journal. This is what is normal.
There are journals that say this. So
writing articles for articles for journals and articles for chapters in books
is actually the same. This writing is usually something we have to have. If
writing for literary students is the same. There must be an introduction, there
must be an objective sentence, the results of the discussion are the same, how
to analyze, see you use the schedule, do not want to use the schedule, you want
to support like I said you want to support near the formula You want to back up
the data. Description time is also possible. No problem. This is usually the
writing of journal articles for all fields. Maybe the rest is up to the
instructions. Given by the journal. So importantly, one must have a discourse
marker. Every thesis page must be there, there is an article. Later when you
finish your thesis, you memorize the discourse markers. All hundreds of
discourse commentators. In this little book, there may be many more that you
have to memorize. Discourse markers must be important. Then you need to check
many times. Check in terms of spelling, grammar, everything. Everything has to
be checked. Then check the reference as well. There is in the reference there
is in the article there is in the article there is in the reference. And also,
this must be there. Remember to read the instructions many times. And also
important as I said earlier, if the title of the article does not attract
people do not want to read. The keyword is important because here if we type in
Google all the articles will come out. Make sure all the importances are in
your article.
If you look here, yeah I forgot,
similar with this need 70% latest reference. The sum of all the articles, all
the references, this is the sum of the last 5 years multiplied by 100 equals
must be 70%. And also most articles, make sure the year you submitted the
article for example 2020, the article that 2020 must have at least 3. The
current year must have 3. Do not for example you submit the article 2020, 2020
has no reference. Must have to exist. So the amount is 70%. in this 70% there
are a minimum of 3 articles that year. That year. The year you sent it, the
current year. If 2020, 2020. I think that making this article is not difficult.
From the thesis you can take any sentence then change the sentence to an
article. We as researchers are collecting data. We have to collect more data and
not just enough with little one. Sometimes students ask me, "Professor, I have
data already, I interviewed students, it just so happened that the student's
friend was there, he really wanted to do it, so I also interviewed, so my data
is rising." Good I said, because later this data may not be enough so we
can use that data. So we are ready with more data, otherwise if less, we have
to collect it again. Have to wait outside the fence again. But it is ethical to
wait outside the fence. Need to apply for permission to collect data if you
want to go to school. Everyone needs permission, even if you want to take data
from the people at home also need permission. Any blood ties also can be broken
for 5 years if you take a video of his son that includes in the thesis just as
you willing without asking their permission. Even can't get eid money. So you
need to show a written permission. If the truth is that the video is also ready
and available also possible. If you get sued, at least you have. "This is
actually the truth I found." "Or he asked where the truth is, you
were summoned RM250000 because without permission you interviewed my employee
from any company." "I have permission from this, it just so coincidence
that the general manager said the video can be used with permission." This
article is all true. Put a sample name for example, do not put a real name.
Later, all the boys whose name is Muhammad Yusof, about 450 came to demand and
sue you why use their name in your article. Okay.
RUJUKAN:
Normaliza Abd Rahim (2020). Menulis Artikel untuk Terbitan dalam Jurnal. Jom
Tulis artikel. Dicapai pada 9 Januari 2021 daripada https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Wvq6FToC9I&t=21s
BUKTI KEHADIRAN PADA MINGGU 11
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